Pearl of the Baroque: the Church of St. John of Nepomuk in Munich

July 17, 2025

In the heart of bustling Munich, on the busy Sendlingerstrasse, hides a true gem of Baroque architecture - the Church of St. John Nepomucene, also known as the Asamkirche. This small but extremely richly decorated church is one of the finest examples of South German Baroque and Rococo. Built between 1733 and 1746 by the Asam brothers, Idi Quirin and Cosma Damian, the church was originally intended as their private chapel. Today, it is not only a place of worship, but also a remarkable tourist attraction, attracting art and architecture lovers from all over the world. In this article, we will take you on a fascinating journey through the history, architecture and symbolism of this unique place, which, despite its modest size, manages to impress even the most discerning connoisseurs of sacred art.

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The history and architecture of St. John of Nepomuk Church

St. John of Nepomuk Church, although small in size, is gigantic in artistic and historical terms. Erected on a plot of land measuring just 28 meters by 9 meters, it is a real architectural and artistic challenge. The founder and chief architect of the church was Idzi Quiryn Asam, a highly regarded architect and stucco artist throughout Bavaria. The story of the church's construction began around 1729, when Asam purchased a house on Sendlingerstrasse. In the following years, he bought a neighboring plot of land and in 1733 began construction of the church, which lasted until 1746.

The facade of the church, though modest compared to the opulence of the interior, already foreshadows the extraordinary experience that awaits the faithful and tourists. The main portal, supported by a symbolic rock, alludes to Christ's words about building the church on rock. Carved by Idi Quirin himself, the doorframes depict scenes from the life of St. John of Nepomuk, the church's patron saint, who was canonized in 1721 and enjoyed special veneration in Bohemia and Bavaria.

The interior of the church is a true explosion of Baroque and Rococo. The 22 by 8 meter space was filled to the brim with art of the highest order. Sculptures, stucco and frescoes work together to create an extraordinary story of life, death and salvation. Kosma Damian Asam, the younger of the brothers, was entrusted with creating the frescoes, which harmoniously complement his brother's three-dimensional works.

One of the most fascinating aspects of the church's architecture is its use of light. The Asam brothers masterfully concealed the light sources, creating the impression that the interior of the church is illuminated in a supernatural way. This ingenious solution enhances the mystical nature of the space and emphasizes the symbolism contained in the decorations.

Symbolism and art in St. John Nepomucene Church

St. John of Nepomuk Church is not only an architectural masterpiece, but also a treasure trove of Christian symbolism and Baroque art. Each element of the interior design has its own deep meaning, creating a coherent story of life, death and salvation.

From the very entrance of the church, worshippers and visitors are introduced to a world of rich symbolism. The lower part of the church, the darkest and lowest, symbolizes the suffering of earthly life. It is here that the confessionals are placed, designed as safe enclaves where the sinner can take the first step toward the salvation of the immortal soul. This part of the church is a reminder of human nature and the need for repentance.

As the gaze rises, the colors become brighter and the decorations richer. This is a symbolic representation of the road to salvation. In the central part of the temple there are elements referring to secular power - this is the place where one gives 'to the emperor what is imperial'. This part bridges the gap between earthly life and the heavenly realm.

The church's plafond is a true masterpiece of illusionist painting. The fresco by Kosma Damian Asam depicts the allegorical story of the life of St. John Nepomucene and the triumph of true faith. This part of the temple symbolizes the heavenly realm and ultimate salvation.

The centerpiece of the church is the main altar, above which rises a glass coffin with the relics of St. John Nepomucene. Beneath the altar is the symbolic Tomb of the Savior, opened only during Holy Week. This part of the church combines the symbolism of death and resurrection, representing the culmination of the Christian narrative of salvation.

Above the altar, the 'overhead spaces' depict angels adoring the Blessed Virgin Mary. Even higher, in the dome, God the Father is shown wearing a tiara, holding a cross with the body of His Son. The whole is surrounded by cherubs heralding both the suffering of death and the joy of resurrection. This multi-level composition is a synthesis of Christian doctrine and Baroque aesthetics.

Practical information for visitors and cultural significance

St. John of Nepomuk Church, despite its undeniable artistic and historical value, can be difficult to find for the uninformed tourist. Its lack of distinctive towers and its facade blended into a row of townhouses make it easy to overlook. However, the effort to find this Baroque pearl will certainly pay off.

Currently (as of 2023), the church is undergoing restoration. The facade is being restored, and the interior is temporarily closed to the public. Nevertheless, even through the bars one can admire the extraordinary richness of the interior, which, according to tourists' accounts, 'makes an incredible impression' and is 'something that must be seen'. It's worth following updates on the progress of the restoration work to be able to fully appreciate the beauty of the place when it reopens.

St. John of Nepomuk Church is not only a monument, but also a living place of worship. It is worth remembering proper behavior and attire when visiting. Due to the small size of the church, it can be crowded, especially during the tourist season.

The cultural significance of St. John of Nepomuk Church goes far beyond its religious function. It is a testament to the genius of the Assam brothers, who created a true compendium of Baroque and Rococo art in this small building. The church is also an important part of the cultural heritage of Munich and Bavaria, attracting tourists from all over the world.

It is worth noting the unique architectural solutions employed by the Asam brothers. A private entrance leading from their home into the church and a window that allows the mass to be viewed from a bedroom attest to the personal nature of this church. Although none of the brothers ultimately rested in this church, their portraits are inside, reminding us of the creators of this remarkable work.

St. John of Nepomuk Church is not only a tourist attraction, but also a place to reflect on the artistry of artists, the depth of religious symbolism and the changes in sacred art. For architecture lovers, art historians and those seeking a spiritual experience, a visit to this place can be an unforgettable experience.

All in all, the Church of St. John of Nepomuk in Munich is a true gem of Baroque architecture that, despite its small size, hides a great deal of beauty, history and symbolism. It is a perfect example of how great art can be contained in a small space, reminding us that true masterpieces do not always have to be monumental to make a great impression on the viewer.

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